Which document is used to transfer ownership of real property?

The correct choice, a deed, is the legal document specifically designed for the transfer of ownership of real property from one party to another. A deed serves as proof of ownership and includes essential details such as the names of the parties involved, a description of the property, and the signature of the grantor (the person transferring the property).

Deeds are integral in real estate transactions because they establish a clear and formal transfer of title, making them enforceable in a court of law. This differs from the other documents listed. A lease agreement primarily outlines the terms under which one party may occupy and use another party's property without transferring ownership. A bill of sale is used for transferring personal property rather than real property, and a mortgage is a financial document that secures a loan with real property but does not transfer ownership. Thus, the deed is the crucial instrument for ensuring that property ownership is legally and irrevocably passed from seller to buyer.